20 F

Vienna, 14. 4. 07.

Dear and honored colleague,

See, the world in general thinks the same as me in our relationship. The presentation of Amsterdam I was offered shortly before your arrival, and I hastily refused afraid to discuss with you and then leave me to accept you determine. Then the thing happened in the background in our conversations, compared to more important things. Now I am very pleased that you have chosen. My time, however it was not the second speaker Aschaffenburg, but there were two, namely Janet ⁽¹⁾ an un indigène. It was obviously to a duel between Janet and me, but I hate gladiators before the noble populace, I can hardly bring myself to leave an indifferent crowd cast a vote on my experience ⁽²⁾; Above all I do for a few months to know anything about science, the instrument and provide badly mistreated by the rest all sorts of pleasures far away. It is now that you will support the skirmish with A[schaffenburg]. I plead for the lack of tact, rely on the hard skin of pachyderms opponents.

I still greet you as my successor on another occasion. I wanted to tell you lately been the case that I saw at Easter in Görlitz. I know that now he must get home to Burghölzli and you ask me information about it. I write, therefore I am the father directly in contact with you and I'm telling you what I saw. The boy will be very interesting, he probably little benefit we, but a lot of it we, and above this is the first object that we can both submit to the examination. I'm curious to see if you confirm what I claim, namely that it is not a dem. pr., but one case commencing and continuing obsession hysteria; I've seen several times earlier this evolution, in the other direction; I'm curious to see what your experiences Association say my diagnosis. This is a highly gifted individual, Oedipal kind, mother's love, hatred of the father (the ancient Oedipus is indeed itself a case of obsessional neurosis - question of the sphinx), sick from the eleventh year, the revelation of sexual acts; return to the infant grasped into clothing, rejection of sexual gigantic, can not not be seen, as a house *, Charcot used to say ⁽³⁾. This creates difficulties with him and prevented me from taking them to Vienna, is its access cries when he gets excited; cause it was nothing other than the means of childhood pressure to submit his mother to his will. Now access is as : He stands before a door, shouts, screams, rage and spit. If we contemplate the scene we see at first glance - But a real psychiatrist should not see what is not in Kraepelin ⁽⁴⁾ - Rub it with two fingers of the right hand path of a door panel, in an upward and downward movement (this is what I saw), that is to say it mimics coitus! When I presented it to him after access, il a non; and then : boys at school, them, mimed with the finger and (shots in the closed hand). In doing so it has : two, three, four, after relatively long pauses, what has meaning for coitus; and spitting it mimics obviously cumshot. He hears voices in doing so (also play a role during its intervals, which is of course problematic for diagnosis but not yet seem paranoid), mine is one of the most irritation and indignation, short it is a spectator coitus, against which he reacts with rage; and if you consider that he slept in the parents until its tenth year, you can guess what he watches couples there. It naturally plays two roles, the viewer that the disgust and the man who ejaculation. But the best is yet. Unfortunately, it is also organically child, in the formation of the genitals, that, as he tells himself with great coolness, have not developed since the eleventh year; he pushed off, by pride, despair about, all emotions attached to it, and it is these that make him now access. There should of course never that attaches importance to this disgusting Action (which by chance he is not able!)

I do not know if this is the only form of access, or if it has changed somewhat since this access we talked. If you see, treat only the, I would like to say, comme un collègue. It is terribly proud and vulnerable, in my estimation many times as smart as eg Aschaffenburg.

I have to assume at home a period of infantile sexual activity; nothing has been able to learn in the history of parents. But what parents can not blissfully not see ! Comme il a phimosis (a case for Adler ⁵ !), it is hardly possible that he escaped masturbatory inclinations in his youth.

What makes me the most pleasure, is that you do not rejetiez my comments on dementia. You know it's the same, even though I'm used to talk about paranoia, as it is to explain the paranoid part of dementia. I will use the next time freedom - today Sunday I am still too unable - to put in an understandable form my few thoughts. I do not untie me these ideas; if by chance I can do something, I will, but I am far from the material. I hope you get there earlier.

This is why I do not answer today either your questions about the dementia, I certainly do not know the answer in writing as far. I just feel that you lift properly as the most essential thing that these patients give us their complex without resistance and they are not available to transfer, that is to say, they show no effect of the latter. This is exactly what I would translate theory.

It would be quite possible for a real case of hysteria or obsessional neurosis turns after a time dementia, i.e. paranoia, without that we made a mistake in the diagnosis. This possibility is theoretically well demonstrable - something after all of this would be possible in the boy Görlitz.

My wife will not hurt at all, she thanks you for your sympathy and that of your wife. You will soon have news of me-tres.

With cordial greetings, your

D^r Freud.

2. Cf. Jones, II, p. 118, where the sentence is incorrectly cited.

3. Jean-Martin Charcot (1825-1893), French neurologist, doctor- Chief Salpetriere, known for his work on hysteria and hypnosis, which had a decisive influence on Freud. It studied with Charcot 1885-1886, translated courses in German {New Lectures on the diseases of the nervous system, particular hysteresis rie, Vienna 1886, translation Lessons from Tuesday at Salpêtrière, Paris, 1889-1892), and gave his eldest son's name.

4. Emil Kraepelin (1856-1926), Professor of Psychiatry in Munich 1903 at 1922. He advanced psychiatric systematic, , distinguishing particular dementia praecox (Schizophrenia) the manic-depressive. His main work, Psychiatry ; a textbook for students and physicians [Psychiatry; a manual for students and physicians], Leipzig, 1883, has long been an authority and has seen many editions. See also 14O J, n. 5.

5. Alfred Adler (1879-1937), from 1902 member of the Viennese group gathered around Freud, first president of the Vienna Psychoanalytic Association (1908), and the first major student of Freud to secede, in 1911, to start his own "individual psychology". He worked at 1926 mainly in America, and from 1935 finally. Il mourut à Aberdeen, Scotland, in 1937, during a lecture tour. In his monograph Psychic compensation — the state of inferiority organs, Paris, Payot, 1936. Ed. orig. Study of Organ Inferiority, Berlin is a Vienne, 1907, he had fired a lecture given on 7 November 1906 before the Viennese circle of Wednes-day, Minutes, The, p. 36, he said that is often noted phimosis (narrowing the foreskin) in cases of enuresis.

* In French in the text. (N.d.T.)

22F

Some theoretical views on paranoia

Fundamental fact about it : in a person f. ⁽²⁾ arises the desire for trade with man. He suffered repression and reappears in the following form : it says on the outside it has the desire, something she denies. (Or else : this trade took place nightly against his will. But this form is not the primary form.)

What happened in this kind of delivery and return characteristic of paranoia? An idea - the content of desire - arose and remained, even become aware of unconscious, but this idea was born within was thrown out, she returns as a perceived reality, against which the discharge can now again be exercised as opposition. The credit was denied to affect the desire, and on his return appears a contrary affect, hostile.

The projection must be explained. What is the condition for an internal process, investment of affect, is projected to the outside? A glance at the normal : our consciousness, originally, sees only two kinds of things. Outward, the perceptions (P), which in themselves are not invested with affect and have qualities; from the inside, she experienced " sentiments », they are exteriorizations impulses taking certain organs such as media; they are low-quality, however likely a strong quantitative investment. It is this quantity which has located within, This is qualitative and no afïect, outside.

There are naturally coarse patterns. All the pro-cess of representation, of thought, etc., are produced with contributions from both sides.

What we managed to end the meeting immediately P belief, what is produced is subjected to endopsychiquement the’ reality testing, that is a reduction to P, and tendency to discharge, which is directly against the qualities of feelings of displeasure.

The sexual drive is causing auto-erotic, she later attributed to memory representations of objects affect an investment, love object. A wishful fantasy like we admitted at the beginning should be considered as a libidinal object; it may ^2a, now, undergo repression before becoming aware, this can happen in various ways (main characteristics of the various psychoneuroses). If the content of representations was screened at the end P, it³ can not be reached if its libidinal investment has been previously removed. It was then the character of a perception.

In paranoia, libido is withdrawn from the object; an inversion of this is the mourning, where the object is removed to libido.

That the object representation in lost investment, it is first rendered in the form of belief. The hostility towards the object⁴ which manifests itself in paranoia indicates that went libido. This hostility is the perception endogenous libidinal disinvestment. Given the relationship between compensation object cathexis and ego investment, it becomes probable that the investment removed the object is returned in the self, that is to say has become autoerotic. Also is it me paranoid overinvested - selfish, megalomaniac.

The opposite process we assumed here is shown by the anxiety hysteria. The hysteria in general is characterized by excess investment object. She is love extreme object, it even covers autoerotism first time fantasies object (seduction). It takes to be all that is a distant relation with the object normal, places even; where hysteria is linked instead (claustrophobia) as to the proximity of the beloved, unlike the instability, of the drive to nomadism [Wanderlust] of dementia praecox.

In anxiety hysteria occurs contrary to what we assumed for paranoia. External stimuli, of P so, are treated as internal processes, invested affect; simple verbal representation acts as a living house; ease to be scared. The simple object divestment in me - in the auto-erotic - are [also], as an organic process with transformation affects (in displeasure), in what is called hypochondria. It is only the use of this mechanism for giving discharge paranoia. The hypochondria is the paranoia in a relationship analogous to that anxiety neurosis, basis to purely somatic, with hysteria, that passes through the psychic. The hypochondria approaches often of paranoia, évolué paranoia, Paranoia is Mele.

Do not forget now that it is fully, in the psychoneuroses, a defense that failed. Defense in paranoia seems to fail most surely, ie d. libido search again its object, seeks to impose, and seeks after inversion displeasure to the object P became.

The fight back is more pronounced in paranoid than in other neuroses. The libidinal student performances became the rank of P hallucinations; what we observe in clinical, is this struggle secondary defense against libidinous fantasy, now attacking the psychic apparatus at one end which usually happens that reality.

Add that this process is as a rule part, c.à.d. it only affects one or other of the components of the object libidinal. During this process, any repressed libido is slowly changing into a belief; this origin in libido gives delirium sa force. Delirium is the original belief in the reality of libidinal.

Summary. The projection is a kind of repression (analogous to the conversion, etc.), in which the representation becomes conscious as perception, and the affect that it is detached and withdrawn assistant in my displeasure with inversion. That affect (libidinal investment) then seeks, end of the P, to impose new to me.

Paranoia could face more easily than other psychoneuroses by normal psychological processes.

As you can see, relationships outlined here between libidinal object and investments give me a formula for easily so particularly successful discharge that occurs in forms hallucinatory madness of the first (amentia). (Cf. an old analysis in Collection ⁵.)

Avec a cordial salute

Your D^r Freud.

Rogue who gives more than he.

1. On larger sheets, 28 X 22 cm, no header.

2. Undoubtedly abbreviation of "feminine", added in the space between the two words.

2 a. A transcription error here gave a mistranslation in the English edition, unfortunately it has been possible to correct in this last ("Because it is" for "it can") (Correction of W. Sauerland).

3. De là, at the end of paragraph, underlined in blue pencil (probably by Jung).

4. These words also highlighted.

5. Cf. 11 F, n. 5. The trial was included in the first volume, 1906, of the Collection of small fonts for neuroses.

19 J

Burghölzli Zurich, 11. IV. 07.

Honored Professor!

Thank you for your long letter so kind! I just worry that you do me surestimiez, me and my strength. Certainly, with your help, I've looked at a certain depth, but I am still very far from seeing clearly. I still feel that they have made progress within quite essential since I personally made your acquaintance, because I feel that we can never fully understand your science if you do not know your person. Where so many things we are unclear, we who are distant, only faith can help us; faith or the best and most effective seems to be the knowledge of your personality. Also my visit to Vienna was it for me a true confirmation.

An excellent analysis of dementia praecox that I made recently reminded me of many things that we discussed together. I would now like to submit a question that concerns me particularly : the architecture of the case I mentioned was quite ” hysteriform “, so that during the analysis I completely lost consciousness speak with a dem. praec. The report (transfer) was excellent, so that 1 time I found the whole story : nothing sexual events until the sixth year, all very typical. The patient also accepted the position trans- ⁽¹⁾ with great affect. The patient had acquired during the analysis a clear vision of the nature and genesis of the disease, so one might expect a significant improvement. The next, there was still nothing. It could still come. Until then everything is as in hysteria. But here : the patient has no associations "hysterical". It reacts quite superficially, reaction time was shorter than I've ever seen. This means that the words do not break up pacemakers affectivity, which always occurs in hysteria. You say : not object libido, but autoerotism. Complexes were strongly cleaved during the experiment, so that the affects were not awakened. But in the analysis was the inverse; complex pieces came in waves, without resistors. In this situation, one would expect that the words stimulators also reach considerably complex, but they did not. This gives me the impression that in dem. praec. holds less complex personality based stimuli assignable in hysteria, so that it produces a much smaller "working through" [Working off] personality by the complex. In hysteria, a synthesis still occurs between the complex and the overall personality. In d. pr., complexes seem to blend in a way only approximate, in any case less than hysteria and especially that in the normal. Complexes are isolated somehow. You say that the complexes become autoerotic and have no libido in themselves. But where did it come? In the deli-ing toxic (alcohol, etc.), we see something simi-lar : we find fragments of complexes involved in elementary hallucinations, based on stimuli of neurites, which gives a mixed composite unanalyzable, I've never been able to elucidate (psychologically!). In such states, everyday things indifferent, pieces of complex, sensory stimuli endogenous, etc., appear to level, and meaningful constellation is totally lacking. Is there an analogy here with the isolation of the complex dem. praec.? It would naturally represent the effect of toxins in dem. praec. as only very slight. But where does the regression in auto-erotic? Auto-eroticism is it not something infantile? and yet the child is so totally different thing from the. pr. In examinations galvanometer ² I even saw that setting affects the cleavage of. pr. went so far as strong stimuli physical had no influence, whereas psychological stimuli caused yet affect. So, analysis and the transfer is made perfectly, it happens that absolutely no personality as such be revolutionized, as in hysteria. In general, it nothing happens at all, patients have learned nothing and forgotten nothing, they continue to suffer quietly. It is as if their personality was split, providing the isolated complexes, that influence longer mutually. I would be very grateful if I could hear your opinion on it.

You will be interested to learn that the International Congress of Amsterdam this year has asked me to make a presentation on "Modern theories of hysteria '. The second speaker is Aschaffenburg! I will stick to your course only theory. The discussion will be in any way distressing, I already feel. A[schaffenburg) recently wrote me that it was still nothing understood.

I have now read through the book of Rank ³. It seems to me that there are some very good ideas in it, but I do not understand everything. But I read the thing again later.

Bleuler has now agreed about. 70 % the libido theory, after that I have demonstrated on several cases. Its resistance is now heading mainly against the word. Its negative oscillation appears to have been temporary, on the occasion of my visit to Vienna. Bl[euler] was a bachelor for a long time to cool completely and thus much work already accomplished in his life discharge. Also his unconscious has it become strong and healthy influence. You still support her courageous, although from time to time to have some mental reservations. That Bl[euler] recognized as just, he will not let go. It has the virtues Swiss national to an unusual degree.

I am naturally extremely grateful for giving me your ideas of the. pr., as I am of any stimulation that comes from you.

Bezzola is a damned stubborn, which has yet to compensate for a situation in life extremely unpleasant. This is why he feels entitled to enrich themselves with the crumbs which fall from the table of the Lord. This is a collector details, who lack any clear overview; also a man right, the unconscious, it is true, is still heavily in its claws. His work has me horribly upset.

My wife and I have learned with great regret your wife's illness and wish him a speedy recovery my heart.

Get the best greetings

your grateful and devoted

Young.

2. Jung is the author of three essays in English on this topic : « On Psychophysical Relations of the Associative Experiment », Journal of Abnormal Psychology, flight. The, 1907; « Psychophysical Investigations with the

Galvanometer and Pneumograph in Normal and Insane Individuals » (avec Frederick W. Paterson), Brain, flight. XXX, July 1907; et « Further Investigations of the Galvanic Phenomenon and Respiration in Normal and Insane Individuals » (with Charles Ricksher), Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology, flight. II, 11⁰ 5, December 1907-January 1908. Texts in German G.W., 2. ["On psychophysical relations of association experience.; "Psychophysical Research with the galvanometer and pneumograph in normal individuals and insane"; "New research on the phenomenon galvanic and respiration in normal and insane individuals."]

3. The artist [The artist], Vienna 1907. Cf. 17 J, n.1.

18 F

7. 4. 07.

Dear and honored colleague,

I choose a different paper ⁽¹⁾, because I want to talk to you without constraints. Your trip was very nice and action worthy of gratitude; I would want to repeat writing several things I have confessed orally, Above all, your person has filled me with confidence in the future, I know now that I am like any other replaceable, and I do not want no other and better successor for you to complete my work, as I met you. I'm sure you will not let the work plan, because you have looked too deeply and found yourself how our things are striking, how far and how they lead, truly, they are beautiful.

I think you certainly make your visit to Zurich, where I can get it done by your demonstration of the famous dem. praecox ⁽²⁾, but it will probably not soon. At the moment I'm also bothered by the unthinned report to your supervisor. After his last defense in Munich medical weekly (3), I thought this to be confident, and you bring me back a swing very serious negative share, you probably understand, like me, as a defense against conviction brought you here. How the "complex personal" outweighs any work purely logical mind!

Regarding the dem. praecox, I would have a pro-posal to you. After your departure, I noticed some speculation on the topic that we discussed, and I'll gladly defer, if it does not bother you in two ways to accept. Firstly, because you might fall on the same, qu'acccepter secondly because you may be painful as such. I must say that I want to form economy very respectable sort of intellectual communism, in which we do not control what is anxiously gave and we received. Answer me with a franchise record if you want, or prefer not, listen to these things, you should not overestimate the value of this notice because.

I salute, reasons for their, your efforts to save other acidic taste from the moment they bite into the apple, but I do not think it will be successful ⁽⁴⁾. Even if we call the unconscious "psychoid", it is nevertheless the unconscious, and if we do not call in sexuality that grows wider 'libido', it nevertheless libido, and in everything we do arise we return to what we wanted to divert attention by name. We can not save ourselves resistance, why not rather the cause immediately? The attack is the best defense, I think. Perhaps you underestimate the intensity of this resistance when you try to prevent them by small concessions. What we demand is nothing other than to deny the sexual instinct. Recognize the so-.

Rank will certainly unlikely. He writes almost as auto-erotic, teaching him the ways are unfortunately totally lacking. More, as you notice, it has not yet overcome the influence of the spiritual food he had hitherto and spreads in handling abstractions that I can enter in any place. Yet its independence vis-à-vis me is bigger than it looks in; it is a mind endowed, very young, and, This is particularly honorable saw his youth, perfectly hon-Nete. We will of course expect more things to your way of putting it.

That does not make me a sense of honesty, is the work ⁽⁵⁾ de Bezzola, he sent me recently, very impersonally and without doubt simply by "piety". Remarks assistants are from a personal cowardice promising. It seems treacherous silence that psychosynthesis is the same as psychoanalysis. Do we not seek the repressed analysis pieces for the sole purpose of assembling? The essential difference, that it does not use the things that come to mind, but only the sensations, it simply derives from work only on traumatic hysteria; in other cases the material does not exist. Indeed, from my knowledge of the structure of a neurosis, it is usually quite impossible to solve the therapeutic task by simply unveiling of traumatic scenes. This is where Breuer ⁽⁶⁾ and I were twelve years ago and has learned nothing since.

For "piety" he deserves a good slap, but we have better things to do.

In the course of this month you will receive two more small publications Me, whose Materials ⁽⁷⁾, that should make you want to make soon, I hope, the "collection⁽⁸⁾ "Contribution can attract a larger circle. Thank you very much for the approval of Riklin. Hopefully his work will meet the specific requirements. I put directly in contact with him through the Materials.

At Easter I was Kahlbaum in Görlitz ⁽⁹⁾ and I saw there a very instructive case, I would also like to tell you about, if the first letter from your present home did not exceed any measure already.

My wife ⁽¹⁰⁾ was very pleased to receive the letter from your wife. It is the host, and not the guest, must thank the honor and pleasure. Unfortunately she can not respond in time, because she gained during a Stomakake, * Moreover, mild iridocyclitis. His condition is satisfactory.

I am delighted with your response, Your cordially dedicated

D^r Freud.

2. See if the seamstress B. St. in G.W., 3, § 198 sq.

3. In an account of the Collection of small fonts for neuroses 1893-19o6 in Weekly, flight. LIFE, No. 11, 1907.

4. This paragraph is cited by Jones, II, 486.

5. "To analyze psychotraumatic Symptoms» [Contribution to the analysis of psychotraumatic symptoms], Journal fiür psychology and neurology, VIII, 1906-1907. Cf. Jung reports [G.W., 18].

6. Josef Breuer (1842-1925), Austrian physician and physiologist, with Freud is the author of Studies on Hysteria, Vienna, 1895. Ed. franç., Paris, P.U.F., 1956. Breuer, ami paternal a mentor you jeune Freud, separated from him later.

7. See 24 J, n. 5; for the other publication, see 23 F, n. 2.

8. The Journals in applied psychology (including works by various authors), Freud edited from 1907. This correspondence is often referred to as the "collection". The first two installments, published by Hugo Heller, were tested on the Materials of Freud, cf. 24 J, n. 5, and work on tales Riklin, cf. 17 J, n. 3; from the third installment - The content of the psychosis de Jung, - The publication is made in the editor Franz Deuticke, cf. 82 F, n. 4- For a list of titles until 1913, see Appendix 5.

9. The institute "D^r Kahlbaum Medical Pädagogium for juvenile nervous disorders », Karl Ludwig Kahlbaum par fondé (1828-1899), then headed by his son Siegfried. K. The. Kahlbaum was a renowned psychiatrist; he introduced the concept of "paranoia". The copy owned by Freud's book Kahlbaum, The grouping of the mental illness and the classification of mental disorders [The classification of mental illnesses and classification of disorders of the psyche], Danzig 1863, se trouve conservé au Sigmund Freud Memorial Room à New York City, cf. 193 F, n. 4, and includes many marginal annotations, Freud did when he was a young doctor. Voir Ernest Harms, « A Fragment of Freud’s Library » [ A fragment library Freud ], Psychoanalytic Quarterly, flight. XL, No. 3, July 1971

10. Martha Freud, née Bernays ( 1861-1 951 ).

* Stomach illness? Difficult to read or play on words. (N.d.T.).

17 J

Burghölzli Zurich, 31. III. 1907.

Honored Professor!

This time in any case you pulled your conclusions length of my reaction time. I've had so far a strong resistance against the writing, because until very recently raised complex in Vienna were still in turmoil. Now the only thing is a little thinning, so I hope to be able to write you a letter about reasonable.

The most difficult piece, your broader theory of sexuality, is now somewhat understood and proven in various case studies contact. With respect to the general, I recognize that you are right. autoerotism as the essence of dementia praecox, this appears to me more and more important as a deepening of our knowledge, I do not yet measure the limits. Your criteria the acute stage should also be accurate; their demonstration, however, still faces great difficulties, mainly technical : the d. pr. allows only poor perception of personality. Case must also be presented quite differently depending on whether the "withdrawal of the libido" takes place in a complex accessible to consciousness or unconscious in a complex. The relationship between infantilism and self-eroticism also gain more clarity. I am now further reduced to think independently, the fact that the resistance in the P^r Bleuler are now brighter than ever. He challenges including the intentional nature of the dream, this is equivalent to denying the masquerade complexes, is in fact the main part of the interpretation of dreams. Against the analysis of dreams, its associations also, Bleuler has enormous unconscious resistance, you can hardly overcome. In my frequent discussions with Bleuler, it has also become quite clear to me that the term "libido", and generally all terms transferred from sexuality to broader conceptual field (terms which are certainly undoubtedly justified), are ambiguous to say the least and non-instructional. It even causes them directly by emotional inhibitions, which ren-dent lesson not. And I had such digressions do the larger image to give Bleuler what you mean by "libido". Would it not conceivable, with respect to the restricted concept of sexuality that is currently accepted, book of sexual terms only to extreme forms of your "libido" and prepare for a collective concept is a little less offensive to all the libidines? M. Rank (1) also presupposes simply expanded concept of sexuality and this so that I, who am your thinking intensively over 4 years old, I find it difficult to grasp. The audience for which M. Rank wrote not capture all the. Should once and explain with countless examples of varying intensity of the relationship libidinous sensitive subject. In this way the public could gradually see to what extent justifies the use of this terminology. (Especially "pansexuality" [Allsexualität »]!) It was also at Rank uncomfortable feeling that jurat in verba magistri ⁽²⁾, and it lacks empirical. In reading I have more than once thought of Schelling and Hegel. However, your teaching is pure empiricism and should be introduced as empirically. At least is this image that I'm, as my noblest task. This is why I seek to illustrate these methods of psychoanalysis as the most accurate. I hope this one found by your popular science teaching. One of my future work will be to represent the dreams of desire in dementia praecox as an important empirical material. When this work then and similar will be completed, Only then I hope to bring a bit of the theory of sexuality. For the "confirma-tion" subjective, dreams are indeed, as you say, the best thing, I have again seen recently in some fine examples. Doubts about the rightness of your doctrine not pursue me more. My stay in Vienna, which was actually an event in the fullest sense of the word, dispelled the last shadows of doubt. Binswanger has already alluded to the deep impression I gained from you. I do not want to talk about, but my work will show for your cause, I hope, what what veneration and gratitude I have for you. I hope and dream that we can even greet you at Zurich in the summer or fall. You would make me personally very pleased by your visit, because the few hours I have spent with you were unfortunately too short.

Riklin ⁽³⁾ promised me to send you his work on stories once completed. Some time will elapse until then, it is true.

Trout (4) has recently come to Zurich. I did interview on this occasion by a friend. It is revealed that he has not the slightest idea of ​​you and he criticized my work not reflect enough hypnotism. This is where lies the hare.

Receive, and Mrs. and your family, my thank-offs warmest, as well as those of my wife, for the reception so lovely that we had at home.

Recognizing your

Young.

2. "We swear by the words of the master. "Refers to the disciples of Pythagoras. (Horace, Epistulae, The, 1, 14.)

3. Franz Riklin (1878-1938), of 1902 at 1904 Burghölzli psychiatrist and colleague of Jung Association for experiments. Their results were published in common 1905 under the title Experimental investigations on the associations Healthy. [Experimental research on healthy men's groups], G.W., 1. Of 1904 at 1909 doctor at the clinic Rheinau (cf. Walser, Rheinau). Married to a sine-neck Jung; Jung followed after the break with Freud latter, but not practiced analysis. - The work was promised Wish fulfillment and symbolism in fairy tales [Fulfillment of desire and symbolic tale], collection Journals in applied psychology, fasc. 2, 1908.

4. Auguste Henri Forel (1848-1931), psychiatrist, psychologist and ento-Swiss mologiste, Pays de Vaud; Bleuler predecessor to the direction of Burghölzli, he acquired a reputation for his work on hypnosis. At the head of the anti-alcohol, and opponent of psychoanalysis. He had made 1899 a conference during celebrations of the tenth anniversary of Clark University, Worcester, Massachusetts. Cf. instructions after 154 F.

Jung first stay in Vienna (March 1907)

Jung made his first visit to Freud Sunday 3 March 10 am; cf. Jones, II, p. 35 (where the date is erroneously given as the 27 February), and Young, My life; sovereign souvenirs, dreams and thoughts, Paris 1966, p. 166 (2) (Young also the site visit in February). Ludwig Binswanger (cf. his book Memoirs, p. 10 sq.) and torque Young were guests of Freud; they participated in the session on Wednesday and took part in the discussion. Cf. protocols, Minutes, The, p. 144, and 23 F, n. 2. Binswanger stayed another week in Vienna; Carl and Emma Jung passed through Budapest, where they met Philipp Stein, cf. J, n. 1, and Fiume, taking a short break before returning to Abbazia Zurich. (We need this information, which is from a log Emma Jung, to M. Franz Jung.)

2. Translation Memoirs, Dreams, Thoughts of C. G. Young, recorded and edited by Aniela Jaffé, Zurich, Rascher, 1962.

16 J

Burghölzli Zurich, 26. II. 1907.

Honored Professor!

It is indeed very unfortunate that I am unable to come to Easter, and I deeply regret now come to a time that is poorly. Unfortunately it will not otherwise. I will be in Vienna on Saturday evening and I hope to introduce myself to you then Sunday morning 10 hours. I travel with my wife and one of my students ⁽¹⁾, un Nephew Binswanger d'Iena. Maybe I will be the opportunity she given you my wife and M. Binswanger. For the duration of stay in Vienna, my wife released from all obligations. Let me briefly yet you know before my departure which hotel I count down, for that you can address any communication.

With the expression of my respect, your fully dedicated

D^r Young.

15 F

21. 2. O7.

IX, Berggasse 19.

My honored colleague,

It is a disappointment to me that you can not come to Easter, because I'm usually busy 8 h - 8 h as you know. But on Sunday I'm free, and that is why I urge you to organize your presence in Vienna so that you can give me on a Sunday. It would also be great if I could meet you, a mercredi soir ⁽¹⁾, my little circle of supporters.

I agree also that you are ready, the few nights you want to spend in Vienna, to give theater, and that you will take after contrast 8 lunch hour with me and mine, and you spend the rest of the evening with me. I am very pleased to receive notice of your arrival and your consent.

With cordial greetings

your

D^r Freud.

14 J

Burghölzli Zurich, 20. II. 1907.

Honored Professor!

I can leave Zurich at the beginning of March and I would like to come then to Vienna for a few days. As my main intention is to visit, I would like if possible to fix the date of my departure as it suits you best. It is unfortunately impossible for me to come later in March or April. I would be extremely grateful to warn me briefly.

Your very devoted

Young.

13 F [Postcard]

13.The.07.

Honored colleague,

I take you at your word. You come to Vienna at Easter ¹ and you let me know your dates time, so that I can arrange with patients. I hope we will express and communicate on many things ; and I am delighted with the beautiful view that I open your consent.

Your very devoted

Freud.

1. The 31 March.